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Graphite debacle stands as one of the attractive entries in China (Editorial Committee of Mineral Deposits of China, 1990). At the same time, this industry presents many challenges to managers as well as leaders. As a result, there is always need for the company to cope with boundary spanning, know large systems interactions and thinking for better future. Senge’s (2008, 2010) insights stand as major guidelines when it comes to enhancing new thinking and choices in the industry. Hence, when what, the management knows become less fulfilling to the desired need, going beyond the traditional boundary of knowledge is important(Ulhøi, Madsen & Kjær, 1999).

China Carbon Graphite Group, Inc. has remained a major player in China’s graphite extractive industry for over thirty years (Mertens, 2015). With a long period of operation, the company has immersed a lot of knowledge as well as resources in the extractive industry. This has made it to become the pioneer in manufacturing as well as distributing graphite products including bipolar plates, electrodes, and precision machined graphite components as well as graphene products in China through its subsidiary. China Carbon Graphite Group, Inc. has developed a broad client base globally, and its products are highly necessary for energy storage, steel, non-ferrous, semiconductor, metallurgy, PV, optical fiber as well as chemicals industries. China Carbon Graphite Group, Inc. Has been all focused on increasing its competitiveness to capture a global share of graphite as well as carbon industries by enhancing its management, research as well as development teams. It has also remained keen on enhancing its existing technology as well as production models by advancing in new technologies as well as manufacturing strategies.

Despite this succeeds, China Carbon Graphite Group, Inc. Leaders and managers must leverage collaboration across traditional boundaries to come up with a detailed view of multiple systems interactions and common view of desired better future. In this respect, China Carbon Graphite Group, Inc needs to develop special expertise in the nexus of sustainable development with extractive industries. The reason is that there is nowhere else where stakes are higher compared to extractive industries. In many cases, such enterprises can become a development springboard or a source social degradation, corruption as well as and environmental disturbance (Heizer & Render, 2013). Its leaders and managers must research on trends as well as good practices including working with governments, other companies, civil society, development partners as well as communities for purposes of developing and implementing strategies that ensure China and other community’s benefits.

Extractive industries always pose unique challenges to managers regarding sustainable development. This industry demands to make urgent solutions which in most cases difficult when compared to other sectors. Some of the challenges that the management and leadership must address to ensure collaboration with other actors include specific challenges such as asymmetry of knowledge as well as skills between government and other companies. They must also address the pervasive confidentiality extractive sector, the non-renewability of the resources, the traditional ‘enclave’ model of the sector, the risk of Dutch disease as well as the historical records of human rights and environmental shortfalls (Sanford, 2011). Leaders and managers can also leverage collaboration across traditional boundaries by maximizing on potential benefits for both parties. Extractive industries always have the potential transform their countries (Madu & Kuei, 2012). Therefore, China Carbon Graphite Group, Inc Leaders, and Managers can leverage collaboration by aligning its policies with that of the country, investor, regulatory and legal framework of collaboration, and other institutions to find mutually satisfactory outcomes.

Senge’s (2008, 2010) insights on what he calls new thinking and choices underscoring that the activities people learn by rote clearly do not work. Hence, people must collaborate with others to come up with new approaches. Through his touching presentation, Senge articulates three puzzles that demand systems thinking. He also discusses why it is so vital but seems difficult for people. This applies to China Carbon Graphite Group, Inc Leaders and managers who need to enhance their view and a way to solutions that enhance its sustainability. As leaders and managers, they are born with innate systems intelligence to come up with a better future (The United States, 1977).

The first part that leaders of this company have to leverage for collaboration is Interdependence. As leaders and managers of an extractive industry, they do not exist alone. They need to devise an environment of extraordinary interdependence. This is an important aspect of company sustainability management (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, 2008).

The other area that China Carbon Graphite Group, Inc Leaders and managers need to leverage collaboration relates to addressing issues of Systems ignorance. The reason is that as leaders, they won’t fully understand the interdependencies of the industry they operate in. Therefore, collaborative addressing of ignorance on the extractive industry will help the company not to easily make choices that do not serve them well in the long-term (Brady & Palgrave Connect, 2005). Take for instance the effects of pollution effects of extractive industry where the environment can be polluted. China Carbon Graphite Group, Inc needs to collaborate with environmental conservatives for better sustainability of the environment. China Carbon Graphite Group, Inc needs to leverage collaboration for environmental stability while producing systemic outcomes that goes beyond their consistent produce. Extractive industry has many dynamics that are always delicate and needs great keenness (Hansen, & Brown, 2011). It cannot be disputed that the company loves systems intelligence, but the various can only be closed if the company management and leadership discover it. China Carbon Graphite Group, Inc Leaders and Managers have been trying to leverage collaboration across traditional boundaries by defining a comprehensive view of multiple systems interactions. This has been a plus for them.

In particular, China Carbon Graphite Group, Inc Leaders, and managers has always been negotiating support to resource rich, Low and Middle-Income Chinese society (Franks, 2015). China Carbon Graphite Group, Inc Leaders and Managers leadership have a series of meetings of negotiation support providers as a way of creating forums to address common challenges as well as opportunities to facilitate enhanced coordination among its stakeholders. The major aim of this collaboration has been to enhance the availability, accessibility as well as technical assistance and training quality for host stakeholders and partners at all stages of preparation, negotiation as well as the implementation of large-scale deals.

China Carbon Graphite Group, Inc Leaders and managers have leveraged collaboration across traditional boundaries through Carbon and Graphite Producers Discussion Group. China Carbon Graphite Group, Inc Leaders and Managers have knowledge partner to Carbon and Graphite Producers, co-organized and sponsored by Global Initiative as well as international Secretariat. Collaboration beyond traditional boundary aims at helping current and emerging graphite extractors to think critically about the various policy options in the initial and continuous phases of exploration and extraction or restructuring their platforms (Hamschmidt, 2007).

China Carbon Graphite Group, Inc Leaders and Managers need to also leverage collaboration across traditional boundaries by initiating comparative lessons for extractive industry Investments as well as Large Land-Based Industrial Investments. China Carbon Graphite Group, Inc Leaders and managers need to leverage stakeholders to explore efficient governance approaches for extractive industry investments as well as large land-based industrial investments. Particularly, leaders of this company need to learn from other external actors in the industry on why some good governance efforts can more advance in a specific sector and not in the other. The company leadership and management must also learn from other external actors in ways that can be done to advance governance in graphite extractive industry.

China Carbon Graphite Group, Inc Leaders and Managers must also be at the forefront in learning from International extractive Investment Conferences. In the current century, many companies are leveraging collaboration beyond their traditional boundaries through taking advantages of international conferences on the industry (Zhexembayeva, 2014). Since this is the best way to improve extractive systems, China Carbon Graphite Group, Inc Leaders and managers need to host and attend International Investment Conferences on graphite as well as related extractive industries. Such conferences bring together many stakeholders including governments, corporate executives, academics, investors as well as civil society for purposes of forward-looking policy discussions on critical issues for sustainable development (Cohen, 2011).

To conclude, China Carbon Graphite Group, Inc stands as a company that has enjoyed vast dominance is Chinese graphite industry. This company has been utilizing its expertise to make the company successes. At the same time, the company needs to continue leveraging collaboration beyond traditional boundaries for expertise, innovation, and sustainability (Sokka, & Valuation Tek nil linen tutkimuskeskus, 2011). Doing this increased efficiency, corporate social responsibility and abiding by national as well as international extractive industry regulation.

Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive mental disease that occurs due to the degeneration of the brain. It can manifest itself in the middle and old age thus causing premature senility. An interest in the disease arises from the fact that the condition affects a person’s cognitive ability. It raises the curiosity of how the brain changes to the extent that a healthy a functioning brain ends up damaged and almost non-functioning. A person that was once healthy and active may have Alzheimer’s disease, resulting in a loss of general body functioning. The cause of Alzheimer’s disease remains unknown although the early onset of the disease is associated with a genetic mutation. The late occurrence of Alzheimer’s disease, however, occurs due to a combination of genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors. People with APOE?4, have an increased of early onset of Alzheimer’s disease although people without the gene can also acquire the condition (Villemagne, & Ames, 2013).

Moreover, persons with Down syndrome have an increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease because of the existence of the extra chromosome 21 with the gene that produces the harmful amyloid. Conditions such as heart problems, diabetes, and high blood pressure have also been associated with a decline in cognitive functioning that increases the risk of Alzheimer’s disease. According to Qui & Strauss (2009), approximately 25 million people are affected by Alzheimer’s disease. In the Europe, the age-standardized prevalence in 65+ is 64% for dementia and 4.4% for Alzheimer’s disease. In America, the prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease in individuals over 70 years is 9.7%. The number of people who have Alzheimer’s disease is anticipated to double in the next twenty years.

The first symptom for persons with Alzheimer’s disease is a cognitive impairment that begins to manifest through memory loss. The memory loss may not be immediate, but the individual may start by demonstrating increased forgetfulness and repetition of statements. The mild cognitive impairment may be difficult to detect, but as the condition progresses, it becomes obvious. The individual may demonstrate complete memory loss; he may wander and get the loss (Jack, 2013). The individual may also take longer to perform tasks that he used to take a short duration to complete. In the severest form of the condition, the individual loses the ability to communicate and may not recognize family members.

The symptoms begin and vary with the changes that the brain is experiencing. Alzheimer’s disease is progressive thus the damage to the brain can begin decades before the symptoms begin to show. The brain begins to have abnormal deposits of amyloid plaques and tau tangles (Selkoe, & Hardy, 2016). The result is the healthy neurons stop functioning and lose connections with each other. Damage first begins at the hippocampus, the part responsible for formation of memory. The damage to the hippocampus marks the indicator of the first sign of Alzheimer’s disease, memory loss.

The diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease involves a variety of test, examination and a look at the individual history. A physician may also perform a variety of tests to measure the patients, memory, problem-solving abilities, and language capacity. Laboratory tests such as urine and blood tests may be performed to eliminate other diseases that may manifest similar symptoms. Moreover, a CT, MRI, and PET test may be performed to rule out other possible causes of symptoms. Conditions such as stroke, brain tumors, and Parkinson’s diseases can expose an individual to symptoms such as those of Alzheimer’s disease.

There is no single intervention that is suitable for the management of Alzheimer’s disease. A patient may require a diversity of drugs and intervention to manage the condition (Liu & Shen, 2014). Currently, the emphasis is on helping patients maintain their mental function, manage their behavioral symptoms, and slow down the progression of the disease. There have been intensive studies to develop therapies that target the genetic, molecular and cellular mechanism of the disease. Medication such as donepezil, rivastigmine, and memantine are given to manage mild to severe Alzheimer’s. The drugs work by regulating the neurotransmitters, maintain thinking, memory and the patient’s communication skills. The medication does not work for all patients, while for others it may work for a while before they no longer do.

Unlike factors such as age and genetics that may be uncontrolled about the occurrence of Alzheimer’s disease, lifestyle and health factors can be controlled. Exercise and physical activity can ensure a healthy brain as the activities encourage the formation of blood vessels through the brain. Moreover, exercise and physical activity increase the number of connections between nerve cells thus ensuring a healthy brain. Exercise stimulates the brain thus keeping it healthy and less prone to degeneration. Scientists have also discovered that a healthy diet that is rich in vegetables reduces the rate of cognitive decline (Norton, & Brayne, 2014). Foods containing imega-3 fatty acids such as salmons and fish also reduce the occurrence of beta-amyloid plaques in the brain. Moreover, the engagement in mentally stimulating activities such as reading and engaging is sports activities reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s disease.

Introduction
Before the 1960s, roles of correctional officers were custody-oriented. Personnel selection standards were low and in, many cases they never existed. Candidates for correctional officer jobs were only required to have minimal education level and in some prisons, education wasn’t considered in hiring. The main incentive for correctional officer job remained security provided by the civil service employment in an employment that many found appealing as well as lucrative as compared to farming or manufacturing jobs. Individuals were also forced work as prison officers by unfortunate circumstance like job scarcity unavailability of job scarcity, layoffs, injuries, or as a result of their failure in their primary occupation choice. As a consequence, the typical correctional officer was a rural, male with little or no education. They were also politically conservative characterized by brutality and they in many case proved slow in accepting change. Many came to correctional jobs at relatively mature ages after success in the civilian life while other had retired from military. Training in all cases was done the job and always involved nothing on top of a recruit being handed cell block keys and t instructed to quickly learn the demands of the job (Josi & Sechrest, 1998). The custody- focused correctional officer role definition remained unambiguous. Their roles were to keep security as well as control by enforcing institutional regulations. The accomplish ability to this goal based on unchallenged authority to accuse and punish prisoners from violating violations rules without regarding the due process as well as inmate rights. The control approaches to prisoners relied on physical coercion as well as discipline.

Correctional Officers were therefore referred to as always guards since guarding prisoners was their sole expected role. As a consequence, there exist a widespread public view that correctional officer have low intelligence, alienated, cynical, brutal, burned out, alienated stressed, and their role is to repress minority people. However, commencing 1960s a wide range of prisoner rehabilitation programs became introduced in prison institutions that historically were viewed custody and control as only organizational goal. The new rehabilitation emphasis also introduced an expectation that correctional officers were to go beyond their vividly defined security tasks and assume the much more ambiguous responsibility of human service-oriented workers who would help highly trained treatment professionals in prisoners’ rehabilitation. Rehabilitation introduction in [prisons developed an ambiguous social organization through the introduction of sets of contradictory objectives. The custody goal requires the maintenance of enough social distance between correctional officers and prisoners and avoiding informal relationships, affective ties as well as discretionary enforcement of rules. However, treatment goal demand relaxed discipline, informal relationships minimizing social distance, affective ties as well as the exercising of discretionary rule enforcement depending on particular inmate characteristics as well as circumstances. Punitive regulatory policies became subordinated to an expectation that correctional were to be human-oriented and flexible. Many correctional facilities currently impress the double roles of custody and treatment (McMinn, 2010). As a result, correctional officers are now called change agents when are supposed to utilize their discretion to help in rehabilitation of inmates while at the same time keeping security through enforcement of rules. Simultaneous handling of custody and treatment generates conflict characterized by some uncertainty since correctional officers can be disciplined if they violate the institutional policies that are aimed at rehabilitating inmates.

Introduction of Prisoner Rehabilitation in the US
Introducing rehabilitation coincided by many USA supreme court ruling which provided inmates with more civil rights while at the same time reducing the ability of correctional officer against reliance on punitive controls. The outcome was due process- focused disciplinary hearings, abolishment of using isolation as disciplinary approach and the creation of formal prisoner’s grievance mechanisms. The decision by the court significantly reduced the powers of correctional officers while at the same time providing inmates with strong countervailing rights. These changes in powers created for officers in correctional institutions view of loss of control and a perception that managers and treatment professionals emerged more respect for prisoners than them. As a result, the perception continue to make correctional officers view themselves as unfairly restated thus generating great ingrained frustration and lack of appreciation by superiors (Parker, 2007). Among the significant outcomes of the perception was that the managers as well as the professional were never at par with the correctional officers. On the eve of the 1970s, the US federal law gave the correctional officers the power to unionize. As a result, the joined strong national unions including the American Federation of states, county as well as municipals workers whose management has perfectly challenged many management policies perceived as not being in the best interest of their rank and file. Such unions are critical since they have power to influence management resource allocation making salaries as well as benefits rising drastically. With such efforts, correctional officers continue to serve under the new guidelines while working with inmates. Therefore, the main change in the role of these officers is simply the shift from authority to service in changing inmates from criminality to harmless persons in the society. The reason behind this move was that harsh punitive measures would do more harm to an offender as compared to the perceived benefits.

Inmate Rehabilitation
Inmate rehabilitation is the process of re-integrating a convicted person into the society with the primary objective to counter reoffending or criminal recidivism. Rehabilitation has been a central goal of correctional system. Its goal rests on an assumption that offenders can be treated and returns to law abiding lifestyle. It includes a great array of initiatives such as, substance abuse, mental health as well as educational services. Additionally, specialty initiatives are developed for sex offenders, women and parolees. Despite their original barbaric roles in the medieval dungeon and torture chamber, from the 18th century, correctional officers have combined punishment element with rehabilitation element to assist prisoners (Morris, & Rothman, 1995). As Michel Foucault the French philosopher puts it, ‘punishment shifted from disciplining the body to disciplining the soul”. Rehabilitation of inmates has remained a critical feature of modern criminal justice system directed at reforming both the character of prisoners and preventing recidivism. Many types of research reveal that exposing prisoners to harsh conditions hardens them into harder criminals. Punitive measures make them develop a negative attitude towards the public and more so the victim and upon release, they easily reoffended as a response to the pain realized in prison. Research also reveals that rehabilitation usually makes offenders understand and appreciate their wrongdoing and in the end, they decide to become law abiding. It is evident that chances of recidivism are low among ex-convicts who went through rehabilitative programs as compared to those who go through punitive controls.

Roles of Correctional Officers in Rehabilitation
Rehabilitation as a changing role of a correctional officer presents various roles to them. Some are traditional with punitive dimension while others are humane and rehabilitative in nature. The roles include the inmate security, offender counseling, religious involvement, vocational training, needs assessment, linkage to specialized services and security of detention facilities. These roles are discussed as follows;

Inmate Security and Rehabilitation
Within penal institutions, correctional officers serve as voices of authority, while at the same time ensuring safety and welfare inmates. As courageous law enforcement service providers, they disrupt violence and confrontations among inmates to ensure order and help in rehabilitating prisoners. Over 434, 870 correctional officers in U.S. as of 2011, correctional officers represent one of the critical components of US criminal justice system. Correctional officers prevent exploitation among prisoners while at the same time protecting them from the angry public. Correctional officers instill peace in the penal institutions by suppressing confrontations among prisoners. They also prevent illicit materials which threaten rehabilitation from entering the penal institutions. This practice is very critical in producing an environment that enables healing from criminality to law abiding life. Research reveals that penal institutions characterized by calmness produce an environment that rehabilitates inmate. Similarly, research shows that penal institutions with chaos and fights, always promotes recidivism among inmates. Therefore, correctional officer plays a critical role in protecting the rights and freedoms of inmates which are key in the rehabilitation process.

Offender Counseling and Rehabilitation
In the rehabilitation process, correctional officers play a critical role of acting as a counselor. As counselors, they take prisoner as clients who need their assistance. Counseling helps many inmates to develop abilities of problem solving and decision making which are critical in reforming the prisons. Much research reveals that counseling dome by correctional officers greatly reduced recidivism among inmates. Counseling also makes inmates find meaning in life and the end; they always come out as law abiding citizens (Robinson & Crow, 2009). Counseling offered by correctional officers’ trains’ inmates to address problems of anxiety which is a key factor that motivates crime. Chemical dependency counseling offered by correctional officers enables prisoners with challenges of substance abuse to get therapeutic help. Counseling also provides relief which is critical I offender rehabilitation. Encouragements from correctional officers make the offender take the sentence positively and come out as a reformed person.

Religious Involvement and Rehabilitation
Correctional institutions continue to utilize research in developing a more constructive alternative for prisoners. Correctional officer involves themselves religious instruction to help prisoners. As correctional officers promote religious involvement among prisoners, many of the prisoners find inner hope as well as meaning in life. In the end, they reform into good citizens who pose no threat to the society upon release (Craig, In Dixon & Gannon, 2013). Many studies reveal that inmates who get involved in religion offend rarely. Re-incarceration among offender who was much involved in religion in many cases is low. The reason is that religion shape people’s meditation, and it easily alters the personal perception among offenders. Therefore, as correctional; officer promotes religious involvement among inmates, it gives them a good basis to rehabilitate since many religions instill morals.

Inmate Vocational Training and Rehabilitation
Correctional officers play the critical role in rehabilitating inmates by giving inmates vocational training. Bearing in mind that there are many factors that promote crime, unemployment or poverty always accounts as major factors. Therefore offering vocational training to inmates empowers the inmate upon release (Lin, 2000). Such training is critical in that they provide a ground that an inmate would rely on for his legitimate survival. Installing such skills among prisoners gives them an opportunity to survive when he is released. This program is a critical rehabilitation tool to inmates with poverty or lack of employment crimes. Correctional officers, therefore, act as trainers to prisoners making rehabilitation objectives possible. They provide trustworthy advice in the effort to improve inmates’’ lives. Many correction departments continue to recognize that inmates who perfectly participate in the programs are more likely to conform to the law whenever they complete their term in penal institutions.

Prisoner Needs Assessment and Rehabilitation
Correctional officers also help inmates who are eager to develop their futures positively by assisting them to choose institutional programs that benefit or suits them. The assessment also helps in identifying barriers to successful rehabilitation (Herberts, 1998). Through communication as well as building relationships with inmates, correctional officers manage to get insights into factors that forced the prisoner into crime. Studies show that approximately 80 percent of the prisoner is dependent on drugs; therefore, convincing them to join appropriate cognitive retraining and substance abuse counseling produces uncountable positive effects. Therefore carrying out need assessment of prisoners to identify best interventions is a critical role played by correctional officers in the process of making rehabilitation successful.

Inmate Specialized Services Linkage and Rehabilitation
The other rehabilitative responsibility of correctional officers is that of acting as links with other agencies both in and outside the community. Penal institution always works with different partners in helping offenders. These partners play critical roles in providing specialized services that are not located within boundaries of penal institutions. Specialized services may include medication, business support among others. Upon completion of vocational training and release, some ex-prisoners may need assistance to start life (Great Britain & Beith, 2011). Therefore, correctional officers become the link between the ex-prisoner and the service provider. In many cases, correctional officers are allowed to work outside of the penal facilities to link the newly released inmates with specialized treatment programs, halfway houses as well as community organizations. Correctional officers are working in prisons also assist in the rehabilitation of inmates by communicating the needs as well as risks to the parole officers, parole boards, judges or to the probation officers to help the offender.

Security of Detention Facilities and Rehabilitation
Maintaining the prison remains critical in the rehabilitation of inmates. The reason is that a single breach in the prison security may lead to contraband drugs, weapons as well as communication devices into the correctional facility, which may hamper rehabilitation. Additionally, compromises on the borders may lead to prisoners’ escape which might destruct rehabilitation (The United States, 2008). Correctional officers always identify such threats and give immediate remedies. Correctional officers ensure the facility is safe for the safety of inmates. Safety protects the offender from other influences in the free society that might tempt him into criminality. This safety is paramount in facilitating an environment for rehabilitation.

Limitations Rehabilitation as a Changing Role of Correctional Officers
Apart from prisoners profiting from rehabilitation as a changing role of correctional officers, it seems to make some inmates worse criminals. Rehabilitation presents leniency of the law against crime. Therefore, many prisoners always take advantage of this role to pretend and get released. Research consistently continues to show that time spent in custody does not successfully rehabilitate many inmates, and that majority of criminals return to crime almost immediately. It is argued that many prisoners learn new and sophisticated ways of committing crimes while they are in prison with fellow convicts (Parker, 2007). This situation also offers them the opportunity to make connections and become involved in group crimes. Rehabilitation programs can also make prisoners cheat to be granted parole.research also reveal that rehabilitation seems to make prison life interesting to some criminals since there is no serious punitive element as before. Rehabilitation also diminishes the main role of punishment. They, therefore, offend immediately they are released. Rehabilitation can also pose a threat of increased crime by encouraging potential criminals. They end up offending since they are sure that the penal life is lenient.

Conclusion
The introduction of issues of human rights remains the genesis of the shift in the roles of correctional officers. Promoted by global activism, rehabilitation remains a key role in the penal sector. Despite I t attracting varied perceptions, its idea so handling offenders serving custodial sentences with human remains something to comment. Contrary, its implementation potentially impacts crime control both negatively and positively. From the positive side, rehabilitation can address habitual offending particularly with inmates who learn from their mistakes. On the other hand, it can promote reoffending apart from having ability to motivate potential criminals. The reason for this is that, people will find prison life comfortable and therefore making them not to fear reoffending. Despite entrenching rehabilitation in social as well as criminal justice policy, the notion that penal institutions never intend to rehabilitate but to punish and protect the public maintains considerable public support in many areas. Improved conditions, as well as opportunities for rehabilitation in penal institutions, generate complaints that current life behind bars remains soft and similar to holiday camping. Resentment from the public also remains fired by the deficits in providing similar services for community rehabilitation. Drug rehabilitation, as an example, is greatly perceived to be easily accessible inside penal institutions than in the outside. Nevertheless, there are many criticisms about the rehabilitation level occurring in prisons, mostly because of lack of funding for rehabilitation programmes as well as prison overcrowding, which hinders effective implementation of rehabilitation. The achievement that penal institutions achieve is hindered further by high number of prisoners lacking primary skills while others suffer from social as well as psychological problems. Many prisoners get released without places to live, thus worsening setbacks of homelessness. Prisons also have cases of mental health problems and drug problems making the efforts of rehabilitation hard. Whatever rehabilitation happens inside the penal institutions, many ex- convicts experience some difficulty in reintegrating back to the society because of community attitude. To conclude, rehabilitation as a changing role for correctional officer remains a good initiative that can help some offenders to come out reformed. In their effort to attain its objectives, there is a need for resources and cooperation from other stakeholders as well as offenders themselves. If this role is not critically examined and implemented well, it easily generates repeat offenders.